People of the Kalahari: the Kung Culture Essay

The people of the Kalahari have a very peaceful way of living. They are secluded from the rest of the world, so they live very different lives. In order for them to survive in the Kalahari, they have to be good at hunting and gathering foods. Because the kung people live in small groups of people that consists of at most 15 huts in the dry season and 20 huts in the rainy season it is important to them to have peace among the people. They have very little crimes and or violence. Stealing is not a problem because when food is gathered, and game is killed everyone gets a portion. There is no need for stealing because the people share. Trust between the people is very strong. Every day the Kung people will gather around the fire and talk and have discussions. Because there is little crime among the people, there is no need for discipline. But on rare occasions that there is a crime, everybody will gather and have a group discussion. As they talk around the fire, they make sure to discuss things that both or upset them. When something happens, that stirs emotions like anger, hate, or jealousy they make sure to figure out what has caused it and to fix it to keep the peace. The Kung people are nomadic; they never stay in one area for very long. In the Kalahari water is an essential part of life, without it you could not survive. And since there is little water and it barely ever rains, the Kung people have to be near water. They move their villages to places that have water at reasonable distances that they can walk to. The people can’t drive to the super market or to a restaurant when their hungry, life is harsher than that in the Kalahari. If they need food, they have to hunt or gather it. The Kung people are excellent hunters. They use poison tipped arrows to shot their game. The poison tipped arrows are used as a sedative and puts the animal to sleep, and eventually kills it. But because the poison is slow acting, the people have to stalk their prey until it dies. The people are gatherers; they gather foods like roots, berries, fruits and nuts. The people of the Kalahari are a very peaceful culture. To survive they have to know the land and experts in hunting and tracking their prey, and gathering foods inorder to survive in the Kalahari.

Mini Case

I. Deals-R-Us Brokers (Part 1) Fred Jones, a distant relative of yours and president of Deals-R-Us Brokers (DRUB), has come to you for advice. DRUB is a small brokerage house that enables its clients to buy and sell stocks over the Internet, as well as place traditional orders by phone or fax. DRUB has just decided to offer a set of stock analysis tools that will help its clients more easily pick winning stocks, or so Fred tells you. Fred’s information systems department has presented him with two alternatives for developing the new tools.The first alternative will have a special tool developed in C++ that clients will download onto their computers to run. The tool will communicate with the DRUB server to select data to analyze. The second alternative will have the C++ program running on the server, the client will use his or her browser to interact with the server. a. Classify the two alternatives in terms of what type of application architecture they use. b. Outline the pros and cons of the two alternatives and make a recommendation to Fred about which is better. Mini Case 1 SolutionThe second alternative will use the host-based architecture. Using this alternative, the server will do all the work. Because of this, the server will become very slow in processing those requests as more users are sending them. It cost a lot of money to upgrade those mainframes. The first alternative will use the client-server application architecture. In this case, the server and the client computer will share the workload. The server will be able to respond to many users’ requests without any slowness. This is the best option Fred needs to use for his business.

Gran torino movie analysys Essay

The movie Gran Torino, is a movie that is based on an old neighborhood which was mostly American nationalities living there. Through the years this changed and it became an Asian society to live in. This movie was directed and produced by Clint Eastwood, which we has also one of the main characters in the movie. The story of the movie was written by Dave Johansson and the screen play was done by Nick Schenk. Walt Kowalski is a widower who holds onto his prejudices despite the changes in his Michigan neighbourhood and the world around him. Kowalski is a grumpy, tough-minded, unhappy an old man, who can’t get along with either his kids or his neighbours, a Korean War veteran whose prize possession is a 1972 Gran Torino he keeps in mint condition. When his neighbour Thao, a young Hmong teenager under pressure from his gang member cousin, tries to steal his Gran Torino, Kowalski sets out to reform the youth. Drawn against his will into the life of Thao’s family, Kowalski is soon taking steps to protect them from the gangs that infest their neighbourhood. â€Å"I have more in common with these gooks than my own spoiled, rotten family,† he tells himself. The three main actors that have the biggest emphasis towards the movie is Clint Eastwood. He is the one who plays Walt Kowalski in the movie. Then we have the two kids from his neighbours. Thao which is been portrayed by Bee Vang, and Thao’s sister Sue, which has been played by Ahney Her. There is a lot of intercultural aspects in the movie that we see but there is also a strong sense of how through the years, the differences from one generation to another and how alike they are in the different societies. Before Walt Kowalski in the movie start to care about Thao and Sue, and before he gets to know them, he is depicted as a mad old man, which he is also very racist towards and outsiders, but especially the people from the Asian lands. The argue that can be made for this reason is that Walt before settling down in the neighbourhood that he lived with his deceased wife, we was in the Korean war. It wouldn’t be easy for any man to live in a neighbourhood, in which the ethnicity of the people living there is of the same ethnicity in which we fought against in the Korean War. Through out the movie and especially when Walt starts to take Sue and Thao under his wings as a family one can say, and through out the stories that he tells and the harm’s he has done, in the end we can say that the way he dies to save Thao and Sue, it’s a way for Walt to get a type of redemption. He takes Sue and Thao as his children, to make right for him having two sons which he wasn’t ever there for them and vice versa. His relationship with those sons and their families is brusque because Walt is an emotionally closed-off guy. No one and nothing lives up to his standards, particularly the growing population of Hmong immigrants who now dominate his neighbourhood. Thao’s cousin is in a gang in the area, and when they try to force Thao to join the gang and they make a ruckus during the night, Walt just wanted his piece but by getting involved in the situation, he saves Thao and then Thao in order to repay him, he does various different chores for Walt and he gets to see that Thao and Sue aren’t as bad kids as he thought, he was just prejudice towards the people that he just didn’t know. And slowly by time he becomes fond of the family and starts acting in a way as he is their protector. The film illustrates town members forcing to make a choice as to which popular culture they will follow. They can follow a path of religion and live peacefully or they can choose a path of constant feuding by joining a gang. Either way, the town has become divided and both opposing cultures seem to be constituted as a popular lifestyle. The first major inter cultural communication is more of a tradition for the Hmong. When he unwillingly saves Thao, then the rest of the community, look to him in what they think that they have found a hero. They start bringing him different gifts and different plates of food as a way of them saying thank you for his actions. He still doesn’t want anything to do with them and tries to not accept them but there’s nothing else that he can do. Walt’s wife, according to the movie was a person of the church. And now that she has passed away, the father of the church, father Janovich tries to be there with Walt and tries to make sure that he will be fine. Walt is a man who is haunted by what he did in the Korean War. In the film, Walter speaks to Father Janovich and says, â€Å"The thing that haunts a guy is the stuff he wasn’t ordered to do.† Within these few small words, Walt describes to Father Janovich the chaotic mindset that keeps his life forever haunted. This gives us the notion that Walt is haunted by his actions in the past and that’s why now he is such a grumpy old man who can’t live in peace with the actions that he committed. Walt is an old man that is in a place where according to him, there isn’t something that someone can do that will reach to his standards. Throughout the movie, Walt seems incapable of speaking to his son’s without criticizing their every thought. When his two sons, Mitch and Steve Kowalski, talk at their mother’s funeral Steve says to Mitch, â€Å"The point I’m trying to make is that there’s nothing anyone can do that won’t disappoint the old man, its inevitable† it’s a struggle of the old generation which is Walt, and the generation that followed him, his sons. Walt can be said that he is more a patriot rather than a racist. But he is both and tries his best to make it known to the others. He is proud of his patriotism and watches helplessly as their neighbourhood is becoming a ghetto of other ethnic groups who seek only violence and just tear apart the neighbourhood in which he lives. Even now with the loss of his wife, he won’t allow his self to admit that he is alone, he has too much pride to do that. Walt saves Sue from a group of African Americans who were bothering her. He pulls out his gun and makes them leave her alone. Now Sue is a witty girl, and on the ride back to the house they start to engage in a conversation. Walt wasn’t polite but as I said Sue is a witty girl and she answered him in ways that were humorous. From that point on is where he starts to have a bond with the rest of the family as well. After this incident Walt starts being fond of the family. Later he is being invited to a barbeque that they are having. At first he didn’t want to go but with Sue, he changed his mind and went. As they start to eat and talk, sue lets him in in the various traditions that they have and their meanings. Later by not knowing he taps one of the small children in his head, something which is considered very rude. Sue explains to him that it’s believed that in the head is where the soul of the person resigns. Also that it’s impolite to stare, but then he sees the family doctor staring at him. Then sue talks to him and he wanted to read Walt. He told him that he lives in a life of pain and suffering and if he continues in this way he won’t have piece in his life. this family doctor and father Janovich are in a way trying to lead him to have a peaceful life. In all honesty, I believe the ending of this film was noble. Walt sacrifices his life in order to save Thao and Sue’s family from further harm. His courageous act not only places the entire Hmong gang behind bars, but also ends the conflicts between the Thao and his cousin who is the gang leader. He goes and faces them and In a way makes them kill him and now because they have witnesses Thao, Sue and their family won’t be bothered with again. Overall, I thought Gran Torino was an empowering movie. The film depicts actual scenarios of cultural conflict that can be found in today’s world, especially racism and small kids joining gangs. Sources Gran Torino the movie http://elizabethbettin.blogspot.gr/2010/11/week-6-gran-torino-analysis.html http://hollywoodandfine.com/reviews/%E2%80%98gran-torino%E2%80%99-who%E2%80%99s-saving-whom/ http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1205489/

Future of Brazilian Economy campared to a developed country i.e. USA Essay

Future of Brazilian Economy campared to a developed country i.e. USA and Developing country i.e. India - Essay Example Brazil serves as one of the most distinguishing countries of the South American continent. Its distinctive characteristics are due to its splendid geo-strategic location, profusion of natural resources, vast area, cultivation of multiple crops in different seasons, large population and tremendous industrial and agricultural productions. â€Å"Composites industry in Brazil is the largest in Latin America and presently is witnessing good growth after some years of slowdown thanks to the recovery of the automotive industry and increased urbanization. Brazil traditionally has a strong manufacturing base and higher per capita income.† (Lucintel, 2008) The country has made slow but steady and stable progress in all fields of life during the last few years only. The authorities have established a comprehensive export promotion system in order to keep equilibrium between exports and imports, where imports never exceed than the export volume of the country to a dangerous extent.  "The value of Brazil’s exports to the US fell by 34.1% to $20.1 billion in 2009. Brazil imported $26.2 billion worth of merchandise from the US in 2009, down 19% from $32.3 billion in 2008. Brazil’s trade deficit with the US tripled to $6.1 billion in 2009, from $1.8 billion in 2008.† (economywatch.com/) Consequently, her fast pace growth proves Brazilian economy as one of the fastest growing economies of the world at large in this age of perfect competition under free trade economic system. However, being the most populated country of the continent, Brazil had to make hard efforts in respect of winning the present economic position in the international arena. The political authorities of the country had to combat with several socioeconomic challenges including low per capita income, unequal distribution of wealth and resources, high crime rate, ethno-racial conflicts, always expanding unemployment rate, awkward clutches of poverty, political instability, and ina dequate allocation of human and natural resources etc. Somehow, the sincere and dedicated efforts, made by the Brazilian leadership and the masses jointly, have turned out to be fruitful in earning respectable status for the national economy. â€Å"Blessed with the abundant natural resources, Brazil has become the most powerful country in South America in economic terms and thus is leading the other countries of South America. With large and growing agricultural, mining, manufacturing and service sectors, Brazil economy ranks highest among all the South American countries and it has also acquired a strong position in global economy.† (mapoftheworld.com) Currently, Brazil’s economy is at eighth position in world ranking with GDP $ 2.023 trillion, and hence she is the only South American country, whose name is got place in the list of top ten economies of the world. The development made by the country is not confined to one specific area or zone only. On the contrary, th e Brazilian economy has showed an upward trend in all fields and departments including trade, commerce, agriculture, industrialization, technological advancement and infrastructure. As a result, the salaries and wages of white collar and blue collar workers have also witnessed tremendous boost along with the high increase in the profit volume of the industrialists and investors. Thus, the analysts and financial experts are taking both business and salary class to climb the ladder of prosperity and financial stability. Before embarking upon the topic under

KanIrraDeebaaQubeeQabusan Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

KanIrraDeebaaQubeeQabusan - Article Example a good working condition, I always wear several hats like being an expert clinician, a mentor, supporting staff members and advocating for patients and families tirelessly. Since I worked as a nurse, we have had a good relationship with staff members and this has made my career successful. I live in Richmond town. The goals of my course is to understand the main causes of bipolar disorder, its signs and symptoms, to understand in detail the four types of mood episode in bipolar disorder, how to treat the diseases and the varying cost of treatment. I will also like to learn how to train an individual on how to handle the disorder in their own and know how to provided guiding and counseling to patients. My case study will be about care of Susie who is suffering from bipolar disease. The patient is a 22 years old student. For over a week, he has gone without a sleep and throughout the week he has spent time in heightened state of activity, she can’t control what he is doing. He has developed strange and grandiose behavior that takes mystical tone, he also forgets what he always do and he has started writing notes so as not to forget what he is doing. The policy issues related to Susie case include enforcement of non discrimination laws; Susie has been facing discriminated in school according to his friends and this made her become stressed. Stress is one of the main causes of bipolar disorder, discrimination against Susie also lead to poor healthy working life balance which end up causing bipolar. Title VII of The Civil Rights Act, 1964 prohibits â€Å"discrimination in terms and conditions of work on the ground of race, color, national origin, sex and religion. The school atmosphere for Susie has not been favorable. The poor studying environment resulted in hostility, mistrust, and rivalry which lead to depression because it spreads negative attitude and harm relationship between Susie and other students. Another policy is taking the right food. Healthy eating will

Case Study 2 HRD 425 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

2 HRD 425 - Case Study Example or in New England but foresees future competition from Super Valu and Fleming, which are two largest players with revenue turnover of over several billion dollars. The company has also recently opened a massive distribution cum warehousing facility at Brattleboro to reduce the impact of union as well as to expand its business interests. The company now needs to overhaul its operational strategies and strengthen its teamwork productivity to meet the challenges of highly competitive market. Currently C&S faces problems from myriad fronts vis-Ã  -vis lack of effective work coordination and productivity, lack of accountability and responsibility, problems with quality control, decreasing margin, low retention and increased absenteeism. After acquiring its biggest client, the company had started facing problems of employees’ turnover resulting in increased operational cost. There was also lack of accountability and work coordination which adversely impacted customer relationship. After opening its massive 300,000 square feet warehousing and distribution center in Brattleboro, it has expanded its services to include refrigerated and frozen items. The company now needs to redefine its market strategy and organizational capabilities to overcome increased operational cost. Most importantly, although C&S has bagged A&P’s orders, it has increasingly become difficult to coordinate its activities and efficiently meet the demands of its new client. At the same time, the needs of its existing clients are neither met competently nor are they getting the expected high quality of customer service. The firm significantly lacks cohesive and motivated teamwork that encourages collective goals and shared learning. The firm has around 800 employees with 30 supervises but distinctly lacks coordinated work environment. Workers lack motivation and have become frustrated with overwork resulting in employee’s turnover. The company needs to make radical changes in its operational

Social Impact Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Social Impact - Essay Example In this age of high and advanced technology, people have constantly come to interact with the media in every day of their lives (Farmer, 2001). People are now constantly being flooded with messages, thus the media has emerged as influential on the activities and thoughts of individuals and of the global society as a whole. Usually the message sent is in a variety of forms, including the currently popular short message service, and they are perpetuated by large corporations. Gender inequality: a social impact of new communication technologies Gender inequality is an important social impact that arises out of the use of new communication technology; it has regularly been observed that it increases with the increase in the latter. When one sex subordinates to then other one, then this is referred to as sexism, in most societies of the world female usually subordinate to the male. This not only leads to objectification of the females but also marginalization, as this happening, men incre ase their wealth, privilege, social power and opportunity. Advertisements on televisions and on the internet intensify the myth that the toys used by boys should be those that reflect power and authorities, girls’ toys are usually dolls only. ... There are several theories developed by communication and journalism experts to analyze such perspectives, the analysis of the media, and gender inequality as a social impact of new communication technologies and tools. People are always in continuous battle over power and resources, this is the conflict theory. This theory gives the implied explanation for this increasing and blatant societal bias that is heavily influenced by the media. It is often stated that publishing and broadcasting companies are under the control of a small bunch of individuals; these companies only help to perpetuate only their interests and a few other biased views. This theory points out that unlike men, women do not hold privileged or influential positions of power; this naturally follows that women would be portrayed as naturally weak to so that men increase their control over the society. Conflict theory is further augmented by materialist theory in explaining gender inequality as brought about by new t echnologies in communication (Mooney, 2011). The theory offers a compelling justification of the increasing gender inequality, by using cross cultural information on the exact position of the male and female genders. They define gender inequality as a consequent of the way the society views and holds men and women in an economic structure. These theories offer control and distribution of important resources as critical data in giving out stratification. The roles of the female members of the society is often looked down upon notwithstanding their importance to their society, these are often devalued. Conventional media has stereotypically painted

Food & Beverage Revenue Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Food & Beverage Revenue Management - Essay Example Established in 2004, Red Bamboo offers a casual and relaxed atmosphere but guarantees an enjoyable dining experience. The star of the restaurant is the food, so people are encouraged to visit in relaxed garments or casual attire. The restaurant is conveniently situated in the heart of Central Dublin's food and restaurant district. The restaurant can conveniently seat around sixty to eighty-five guests and is open seven days a week for lunch and dinner: As in any food business, Red bamboo also encountered problems in controlling yields and revenues, especially in its initial year of operations. The management then decided to use an effective yield management mechanism to address the problems which will eventually affect the overall operations of the restaurant (Kimes, 1989). Yield management is an approach aimed at improving revenues and increasing the course of consumer demand. In order to achieve these goals, yield management utilizes the fundamental stratagem of giving the precise service at the right point in time to the right consumer at the appropriate price (Kimes, 1989). Each segment of this approach entails definite tactical levers that enable the management to come up with an efficient and advantageous yield management plan. The factors that greatly affect the outcome of this strategy are best known as the 4 Cs which are cost, clock, calendar and capacity. Calendar procedures entail control over the timeframe when the transaction/reservation is made. Clock-related strategies rotate on the timing of the service delivered to the customer. Capacity issue is associated with effectively selling seating that is on hand based on the existing demand. Last, cost refers to the appropriate value of the service (Kimes, Chase, Choi, Lee, and Ngonzi, 1998). It is imperative to provide a measurement tool or give definition to the sale which is the outcome of the service provided. For Red Bamboo's case, the management referred to it as available seat per hour or seat/hour (Kimes, 1989). The guiding principle for an effective yield management plan is to take full advantage of the revenue that could be made on the available seat/hour (Kimes, 1989). For purposes of easier identification, management referred to this as REVSH. Being able to quantify in a time-related approach the goal of the process, the management of Red Bamboo then refocused on the specific stratagem levers that will impact REVSH. Among the levers that were initially identified are the following: meal preparation, menu plan/design, operational process, labor setup, etc. Red Bamboo's management first looked into the physical capacity of the restaurant. Red Bamboo conveniently seats sixty persons in its main dining hall, twenty in the bar and when weather permits, can seat around fifteen in an outside patio/area. When the revenue management plan began, Red Bamboo's menu consisted of twelve appetizers, twenty-five entrees and six desserts. In order to ascertain baseline information on mealtime length, arrival sample and REVSH, data was collected on an hourly fashion; though point of sales and observation by the staff. From these collected data, the management then estimated the average periodic meal duration by calculating the standard deviation and variance during meals (Miller, Dopson, and Hayes, 2004). It was found out that the average meal duration of customer was one hour

Natural Hazards Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 2

Natural Hazards - Essay Example This discussion highlights that the importance of this earthquake is that it caused severe disaster, leading to the death of thousands of people and damaging most of the buildings in the country. The implication or the consequence of this event is that many of the people became homeless. Several Pagodas which were considered as the symbol of the World Heritage site were destroyed. Several temples were demolished due to the earthquake. The steps or the initiative taken by the government in order to mitigate the damages are the government established a national reconstruction fund by allocating an amount of $ 200 million. But the government aimed to increase the fund to $ 2 billion.This paper stresses that the town was covered with a cloud of ash and smoke. Calbuco is considered as the most active volcano that erupted many times before. But the eruption that occurred in the present year is considered to be much more devastating as compared to the volcanic eruption that occurred in the previous years. The smoke that was generated was harmful for the society as a whole since it polluted the environment. The importance of this volcanic eruption was it occurred for 3 times within 8 days. It caused panic among the people staying nearby. The implication or the consequence of this volcanic eruption is that it increased chaos among the people in that region and also increased traffic jams causing barrier and difficulty for the people going to the supermarkets.

How comprehensive and abstinent only sex education differ and how Research Paper

How comprehensive and abstinent only sex education differ and how comprehensive is more informative and can help decrease the te - Research Paper Example However, differences on how to approach this subject have also emerged as a result as one group argues for the more traditional promotion of abstinence before marriage while the other advocates for a more direct approach of teaching where the youth are educated on all aspects concerning sex including protection against pregnancies and sexual transmitted diseases (Cook & Clarke 228). Though the more orthodox promoters of sex education are worried that too much information at an early age may not be the wisest decision, the question remains what withholding information on topics such as safe sex will have on the youth as overall as studies have shown that more and more teenagers are engaging in sexual activities and thus if this trend cannot be stopped would it not be better to ensure that they are taking the needed precautions to protect them from unplanned pregnancies and contraction of STIs (Sexually Transmitted Infections). Statistics have shown that the average age that individual s are losing their pregnancy is between 14 – 16 years of age which means that sex education will need to be introduced at an early age if it is to have the desired effect. This statistic is alarming considering that in the earlier years, studies conducted had shown that the average age at which virginity was lost was between 16 -18 years. This shows that a decrease of two years has taken place between the times these two studies were conducted; there is also fear that the age may continue decreasing which is a disturbing thought (Ott & Santelli 425). Abstinence only programs involve sex education with regard to its avoidance until one reaches the age of maturity (18-21 years) or preferably until one is married. This program focuses on encouraging the youth to shun any form of sexual interaction and teach on the dangers of unprotected sex such as unplanned pregnancies and incurable STIs in a bid to scare the youth straight so to speak. They do not offer any alternatives on how one is able to practice safe sex if they do decide to engage in such activities and mostly paint a scary picture on the consequences of having sex at an early age. The program has mostly been promoted by the conservative groups in the country including most religious factions as they feel any other mode of sex education will be in effect promoting the engaging of sexual activities among the youth (Cook & Clarke 236). Comprehensive sex education son the other hand focuses on all aspects involving sex education including its biology, human sexual behavior and the practice of safe sex as an alternative option. This type of sex education though considered unorthodox by the conservative groups have proved to be more effective within the schools as compared to the abstinence only programs in terms of preventing teen pregnancies. Comprehensive sex education includes teaching the use of condoms and other prevention

Progymnasmata Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Progymnasmata - Essay Example The Miller, his son, and their Ass Is an example of fable in which an old man and his son are approaching the city with their ass. On their way, they meet three groups of people in different occasions and each seems to be surprised by their way of journey (Aesop 76-9). Their first encounter with a group of women who are surprised at the old man his son walking when they can ride the donkey. These women’s sentiments convince the old man to mount his son on the ass. Just before they can go far, another group of old men come by them and express their disappointment at the boy riding the ass while the old man should be the one to rest his limbs. At this point, the old man brings the son down and mounts the ass. A few minutes later they meet with a group of women and children who criticizes the old man for being uncaring to the young boy by riding alone on the ass. This makes the old man call the lad up and both ride on the ass. They have not gone far and another citizen wonders ho w two people can oppress an ass while they should carry it and the old man abides by tying the ass and carrying it with the help of the son. This free drama attracts a crowd who begins to make noise and the donkey breaks off into the water. The old man has lost his donkey for listening to various people. A critical analysis of this fable presents various moral lessons. The society has various characters that hold diverse opinion on different circumstances. Considering the experience of the old man, it can be noted that listening to people may be misleading in various cases (Aesop 56-7). The different groups the old man met on his way are symbolic of different alternative ideas that come into people mind. The moral lesson that can be learnt in this case is emphatic to the need for independent decision making. The fable is relevant into contemporary time where people are advised to make informed and personal decision

Manufacturing Industry Protection and Liberalisation Essay Example for Free

Manufacturing Industry Protection and Liberalisation Essay For a long period in history, the Australian manufacturing sector has enjoyed protection with the government aiming at establishing a stable manufacturing sector to ensure self-sufficiency as well as provide job variety to its citizens. Successive governments over the past decades have introduced several structural changes. Australia now has a regime which is said to have the lowest protection for manufacturing industries. The argument is that protection is only given for a limited amount of time to allow the industry to establish itself. It is not only the manufacturing industry that has undergone reforms but the whole economy as a whole. Liberalisation of trade is becoming a norm in Australia with the government withdrawing from participating in trade matters and issuing fewer restrictions to businesses. The idea is to give them the freedom to make decisions without the government influence and this according to economic analysts is bound to improve the economy as competition increases (Productivity Commission, 2009). Conservatives and the labor party are against deregulation citing that sooner or later it could have serious negative impacts on the citizens through commodity price increases and rise in unemployment levels. This paper seeks to analyze the reasons for the reduction in the Australian manufacturing sector protection as well as the consequences this reduction is likely to have on the economy. Further, a discussion on liberalisation of the economy is introduced showing the reasons as to why liberalisation is a good idea for Australia. Decline in protection in the Australian Manufacturing Sector There has been a significant decline in the trade protection for the Australian manufacturing sector over the years. The tariff provisions reduced from 25 percent in 1983 to 6 percent in 1997 (Chemlink, 2001). Import duties on foreign manufactured goods have also fallen significantly from as high as 60 percent to 5% in 1997 (Chemlink, 2001)). The government following the advice of the productivity commission now plans to abolish tariffs on all manufacturers. The arguments behind the reduction in protection include the ability of the Australian industries to compete in the world market (Wilson, 1998). When the foreign produced goods are allowed into the Australian market, the competition caused should be a wake up call for local industries to be innovative in order to counter this competition. According to Anderman (2001); Productivity Commission (2009), tariffs offer little incentives for competition are likely to cause industries to be less innovative due to reliance on the government for protection. Protection is being reduced because it has led in the decrease of innovation which is a direct result of lack of competition. Protection creates monopolies within the country hence the high costs of goods. This is one of the arguments of protectionism and it maintains that due to protection from competition, industries tend to take advantage of this to charge high prices on the goods (Anderman, 2001). By allowing foreign goods into the market, monopolies are abolished by the competitive mood that results. The consumers can therefore get the same goods at a more favourable price (Landek, 2003). The Australian government through the AusAID wanted to help Least Developed Countries (LDC) to develop their export industry. The strategy used by AusAID was to remove tariffs on goods from LDCs. While benefiting these countries, Australia can easily import goods from these countries and have little effect on the productivity of Australian manufacturing industry and employment (Leigh, 2002). Effects on the Australian Economy As a result of the reduction in protection of the manufacturing sector, the domestic industry is highly likely to go into a slump and consequently slow down economic development in Australia. According to Anderman (2001), state protection ensures that domestic industries are saved from competition brought by foreign manufactured goods so that they can effectively establish and develop themselves. Reduction in protection just goes on to encourage the entry of foreign goods into the country. Since most of these goods are likely to have lower prices than Australian goods they will capture the market originally being served by Australian manufacturing sector pushing Australian industries out of business (Wilson, 1998). A situation where foreign goods are sold at a lower price than the price in the importing country is known as dumping which is quite harmful to the local goods market (Anderman, 2001). As the level of competition from foreign goods increases, high levels of unemployment are likely to be witnessed. This results from the fact that foreign goods flood the market and if they are cheaper than local goods they are likely to attract more customers (Anderman, 2001). The consequence of this will be that the Australian goods will have little of no market such that the industry owners will have no option but to close down. In return, workers will lose their jobs leading to economic suffering and high income inequality (Wilson, 1998). Current statistics as at the end of 2008 indicate that unemployment is at 5. 2 percent. According to Sterle (2009), the manufacturing sector provided more than one million jobs in 1996 but this had so far reduced by 300,000 at the end of 2008. Kelmax for example has already closed its Adelaide operations leading to a loss of 80 jobs. Other examples of companies which have laid down workers include Westpac, Manildra Group and Silcraft. Innovation in the country will be discouraged as cheaper goods enter the Australian market. Innovation is encouraged by the presence of a prospective market (Landek, 2003). However, if the market is not assured then investors may not be willing to take the risk. Stiff competition from foreign goods also reduces industry productivity such that profits are reduced. Since innovation requires large amounts of finances, the local industries cannot afford to innovate. The government will lose out on income with reduced protectionism. This stems from the keep money at home argument which maintains that when countries import, they get the benefits of the goods while the foreign country goes with the money (Anderman, 2001). This means that the importing country is benefiting the other by increasing its earnings on foreign exchange. By protecting its domestic industries, a country would have both the goods as well as the money. Likelihood of trade imbalance is increased when protection of domestic industries is abolished. An unfavourable balance of trade is dangerous to a country and it occurs when a country starts importing more than it is exporting (Anderman, 2001). Reduction in exports would come as a result of lack of incentive to innovate and closure of domestic firms. Liberalisation  One of the latest Australian government reforms is the liberalization of the Australian economy. Government reforms to liberalisation have been a topic of controversy as economists insist that free trade is in essence the key to economic welfare for Australia. Conservatives and the labor party are not for liberalisation. Labor party maintains that it will lead to harmful negative results in future (Sterle, 2009). According to them, liberalisation will give firms too much freedom which they may use to exploit customers, engage in unethical business practices and cause the decline in employment levels. I personally do not agree with these views and in this regard I totally support the government in the liberalisation reforms because I believe that it is going to work in favour of the Australian economy. Deregulation ensures steadfast commitment to competition which is a fuelling factor for development (Coonan, 2007). Competition is useful in two major ways: promotion of innovation and reduction in prices of goods. Trade liberalisation fosters competition leading to better quality goods and more affordable prices (Leigh, 2002). Competition promotes innovation so that as firms try to outdo each other they come up with better products to win customers. The direct results of innovation are better quality goods, development in technology and more competition so that development is a continuous process (Leigh, 2002). Free trade enhances competition among firms producing similar products and as we know it, competition has a significant influence on the reduction in prices as companies try to secure more customers and a gain large market share (Leign, 2002). We can therefore collectively say that competition leads to better quality goods for customers and variety at affordable prices. Free trade or liberalisation will create jobs for Australian citizens (Coonan, 2007). Arguments have been put forward by the conservatives that liberalisation it is likely to lead to a rise in unemployment levels. However, the gains obtained in free trade override the losses (Smith, 2007; Productivity Commission, 2009). There could be some sense in that firms in their efforts to increase their profits may lay down some workers (Smith, 2007). The number of new firms and expansion of existing firms however is likely to take on board more workers than those who have been left jobless (Landek, 2003). Increase in innovation and profits will definitely lead to the expansion of the existing industries which are going to need workers. This way, employment is enhanced as opposed to where government regulations limit the business operations. As an illustration of the advantages that liberalisation can bring, I take a case of the telecommunications industry in Australia. The liberalisation in the telecommunications industry has earned Australia an extra $15. 2 billion since 1997 following a decision by the Howard government to liberalise the sector (Coonan, 2007). In a report issued by the Communications, Information Technology and the Arts minister Hon Helen Coonan in November 2006, more than 17,550 jobs were created in the year 2005. Apart from these, use in Information Technology has risen with an average of 5. 9 million having subscribed for internet services and 80 percent of Australians have mobile phones. This should indeed serve as an illustration to the conservatives that liberalisation has positive economic effects and this is the way to go for Australia. Conclusion Tariffs and trade restrictions protect domestic industries from competition caused by free import of foreign goods. This ensures that new industries can establish themselves without having to bear competition pressures. With globalisation however, countries use of tariffs are going down and the reasons for this is to encourage competition so that the local industries can become more innovative and consumers can obtain quality goods at reasonable prices. This together with trade liberalisation have embraced the spirit of free trade that ensures minimal government intervention in trade activities. Just like in reduction in protectionism, deregulation or liberalisation ensures that consumers can get better goods due to increased innovation and quality goods as a result of increased competition among firms. In conclusion, trade liberalisation is an effective instrument in increasing the productivity of a countrys economy.

Musical Form And Structure

Musical Form And Structure What is the difference between music and noise? In a personal point of view, one important difference is that music makes sense. It has its own structure, basic patterns and it shows how composers made the pieces by their logic as well as their elaborate management. Therefore I would say, a piece without any structure and form can be only called noise instead of music. To research the structures and forms of a piece, we have to know what the structure is as well as what the form is, when I was studying in schools, I thought the structure is the different themes and how they were connected to each other; the form would be sonata form, ternary or something like minuet. After getting deeper into some Twentieth Century composers and their music, I realized it is not as simple as that. Firstly, the structure in music means the complex composition of musical knowledge or experiments as elements and their combinations. And the form in music means the shape and the figure throughout the whole work. I consider that in music, structure and form are both extremely important somehow we can analyze structure by a macro view and seek form by a micro view. Children who study in music schools learn some early period formal music structures and forms such as analyzing pieces by Bach and Beethoven We all knew about many basic forms in music since childhood. But in the modern world, music gets mystic and complicated. For some audiences, it is impossible to realize any structure in contemporary music such as John Cages piece: 433. They think the piece was just composed like a blank paper. Structure and form seems never existed in this music. I have to say, people whom consider contemporary music does not have structure or form just do not understand the music itself at all. Everything has a reason to be there, such as composers have their own notions of creating music. To prove this view, and to show the forms and structures in John Cages 433, I will analyze this piece below. 1. Introduction John Cage has made a huge experiment on this composition 433 to the world. Unfortunately the first performance of this piece was like a scandal. It was written in 1952, his so-called piece in silence. Performers basically go on to the stage and play nothing for exactly four minutes and thirty-three seconds. At the premiere some listeners did not even realize they had heard anything at all. Obviously audiences were angry and felt being deceived after the concert. The premiere was performed by the young pianist David Tudor at Woodstock, New York, on August 29, 1952.1 433 was written for any instrument or any instruments combination. NOTE: The title of this work is the total length in minutes and seconds of its performance. At Woodstock, N.Y., August 29, 1952, the title was 433 and the three parts were 33, 240, and 120. It was performed by David Tudor, pianist, who indicated the beginnings of parts by closing, the endings by opening, and the keyboard lid. However, the work may be performed by (any) instrumentalist or combination of instrumentalists and last any length of time.2 FOR IRWIN KREMEN JOHN CAGE _________________________ 1 J.Cage, Silence: Lectures and Writings (USA, 1961), 102. 2 J.Cage, A year from Monday: new lectures and writings (USA, 1985), 77. From the statement above, we can already see some basic structures in this piece: it is divided in three parts, and the lengths of them were 33, 240 and 120. (There are two ways of dividing this music, which I have mentioned below) 2. Materials John Cage has used a few materials, or elements to compose 433. Through this piece, Tacet (As the image of the score shows) is one of the materials. However, another material which people always ignore is the division of tacets. Image of John Cages writing of this piece Base on the score, Cage used division twice to make three tacets in the whole piece. And these two divisions and three tacets formed this composition logically, thus:  ¼Ã‹â€ I ¼Ã¢â‚¬ °TacetDivision ¼Ã‹â€ II ¼Ã¢â‚¬ °TacetDivision ¼Ã‹â€ III ¼Ã¢â‚¬ °Tacet 3. Analyze Cage has clearly shown the tacet in this piece. But about the division, we can analyze it in different ways. If we think mathematically, use tacets and divisions to build a function: If division is independent variable x, the musical form is dependent variable y, then based on the function mode y=f(x), we can get this: Form = Tacets (Divisions) Now we calculate this mode, we get two different results: 1. Tacet-Division-Tacet-Division-Tacet If we make Division bigger and bigger, then it becomes the part of the piece, (as important as tacets), therefore we can get this musical form: A-B-A-B-A 2. Tacet-(Division)-Tacet-(Division)-Tacet If we make Division smaller and smaller, until it has but only has the ability of dividing Tacets, then we can get this musical form: A1-A2-A3 Those two forms we all have studied in early schools, so I am not going to talk about them further here. As we can see from this image statement, John Cage has given some freedom in this piece to the performers The performance in Woodstock gave the timings 33, 240, and 120, but the original print program says that the timings were 30, 223, and 140. Also as I mentioned above, this silent piece could be played by any single instrument or any combination of instruments. It is a freedom piece But that does not mean this piece has no form however it divides, we can still find the forms. People may ask, although the piece has a form such as A-B-A-B-A or A1-A2-A3, it still does not have a very convictive structure. How did John Cage make three movements out of this piece and how did he determine the length for each of them? These three parts seem unlikely balanced and managed. Well, in that case, Cage has pointed to this particular Tarot card formation when shown a number of possible configurations: This is one of the most complicated configurations and is organized in three parts of concentric horseshoes. Each horseshoe has represented one movement, with these cards which bearing a length that could have been plus to the duration of each movement. The point above seems to be able to answer a lot of questions about the structure of this silent piece. It illustrates how the movements were built up by those little silent cards, also how the composer can know when a movement finishes, why he made this piece into three parts. Somehow these questions seem to have a greater effect on what we hear. However, we can suppose that he used these cards for his composition and it shows the decision of three movements. When people asked about the differences in time lengths of the scores, Cage said that it could be of any length. This does not mean that the formal structure of this piece could be violated at all. He said that it would still be titled 433, also the durations of the movements mu st be determined by some type of chance procedure, and it must be in three movements. 3 This piece seems to be very difficult for performers after seen this Tarot Cards formation. Because it becomes so easy to make mistakes and miss the beats. But Cage said that this is not the point. The point is about the feeling it creates, both the performers and audiences are dispensable. What the piece needs is a devoted and interesting listener. However, those methods which Cage used for 433 have offered the audiences a huge freedom area. The point, the meaning of this piece has changed. Normally we try the best to do what composer says on the score, now we do what we feel and define our own potentials. The structure that Cage used was mathematical for composer as well as humanized for performers and listeners. Although this piece has no harmony and melody lines, it still has a strong meaning. The spirit of Cage, like what Alex Ross said about this piece in his book The music was the sound of the surrounding space. It was at once a head-spinning philosophical statement and a Zen- like ritual of contemplation 4 To conclude, structure in music is the sense which composer has given; form in music is the shape and the propriety which composer wants to represent. In the premiere of 433, audiences were angry and negative, but after understood the inner sense and getting deeper into the purpose of Composer, people loved it. When you could not find the structure or the form in any particular piece, it does not mean that they were not existed. As I have said, everything has a reason to be there, such as composers have their own notions of creating music. The real music only appears after researching and understanding. ______________________________ 3 J.Cage, Silence: Lectures and Writings (USA, 1961), 109 4 R.Alex, The Rest is Noise, listening to the Twentieth Century (USA, 2007), 401 Selected bibliography: Books: -J.Cage, Silence: Lectures and Writings (1961, USA) -R.Alex, The Rest is Noise, listening to the Twentieth Century (2007, USA), 401 -P.Yates, Twentieth Century Music (1967, London) -J.Cage, A year from Monday: new lectures and writings (1985, USA), 77. -P.Marjorie, J.Charles, John Cage: composed in America (1994, USA), 193 Articles: -L.Eleni, Learning from Masters of Music Creativity: Shaping Compositional Experiences in Music Education, Philosophy of Music Education Review, 15.2 (2007), 93-117 -C.Hong, John Cage with his silence piece, Zhong Hua Music Review, 17.2 (2003), 78-92 Websites -S.David, Unreconstructed Modernist, the Atlantic online (Accessed September 1995), http://www.theatlantic.com/issues/95sep/boulez.htm

The Ibis Hotel Introduction

The Ibis Hotel Introduction Ibis is Europes leading budget hotel with more than 950 hotels in 55 countries; ibis offers its customers the highest level of service and ultimate comfort in its category at the best market prices. The ibis standard guarantees its customers around the world offer homogeneous: a modern room, connected and soundproofed bedding to innovative comfort, breakfast from 4am to noon and a varied cuisine. In this ultimate comfort the ibis room: became modern, comfortable and fully equipped, all hotels in the network, the ibis room is designed to offer its customers a happy sleep and the ability to work calmly: soundproof, connected to the Wi-Fi hotel, with a flat-screen LCD TV, a spacious bathroom and a work desk. New bedding to comfort Ibis, happy sleep specialist, has developed a concept of innovative and revolutionary bedding. The pillows are generous, welcoming duvet and mattress adapts perfectly to your body for a deep, restful sleep. And the secret weapon of ibis a mattress 7 cm more comfort for soft sensations. Unprecedented in the economy segment, the new ibis will change your bed nights. The highest level of service in its class c is enjoy your stay cloudless day and night, our teams are at your disposal Our teams live to the rhythm of your needs and your desires: Front 24h/24, small kitchen ibis at all times and a bar service open continuously. A commitment to quality service Ibis is the first hotel brand to receive economic since 1997, the ISO 9001 quality certification. This International Standard deals with the quality service day and night reception, accommodation, small kitchen ibis, and breakfast from 4am to noon and bar service. Today, 758 ibis hotels in 21 countries are certified ISO 9001 or 84% of the network. The contract Satisfaction 15 minutes Contract Satisfaction 15 minutes is a unique example of this demanding process. If a cloud disturbs the residence of a client, ibis teams give 15 minutes flat for a solution, day and night, and if they cannot hunt that little cloud in the allotted time, the client is invited by the hotel. Ibis pioneering environmental commitment Ibis registered its commitment under PLANET 21, the program of Accors sustainable development. Ibis is the first global chain engaged in the environmental certification ISO 14001 which installs a continuous progress via: a recent on-going compliance regulations continuous improvement: hotels certified are regularly audited to set new goals. Already 420 hotels in 18 countries have achieved ISO 14001 environmental certification. SEVEN P S PRODUIT: The ibis standard guarantees its customers around the world offer homogeneous: a modern room connected and soundproofed bedding to innovative comfort, breakfast from 4am to noon and a varied cuisine, Attentive and efficient. PRICE: According the price of ibis is one of the major determinants of the profitability of the hotel, and the price also depends on which city the hotel is situated, so Ibis Greenwich is little be expensive because of the activity and the advantage that the around him. PLACE: Ibis Greenwich is located in a very charming and cute town, and is located in the heart of Greenwich, near the Maritime Museum, Cutty Sark, and Royal Observatory and the train station PROMOTION: regarding the promotion hotel ibis create a new concept where you reserve 2 nights with Ibis styles every Tuesday and you pay for just 1 night, you can book to in last minute.com you will have possibility to get 50% every week end Friday and Saturday. PEOPLE: The Ibis Greenwich has a very friendly receptionist staff and very harsh reception of this profession the qualification requires is GCSE or LEVEL and is depend for which brand or star are you working if you dont have any qualification but you have a motivation for the trade of the Ibis hotel industry hotel will propose you evaluation of training to evolve a team leader to manager. PROCESS: all Ibis customer use internet to book or do they are rooms reservation or, send of Email or calling the line reservation for and all our reservation agent will reply to the customer by email, fax, or post. PHYSICAL EVIDENCE: the hotel is clean, the rooms are clean, quiet, well heated hotel, the staff are presentable and pleasant http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=zFfo2MGH90gCpg=PA41source=gbs_toc_rcad=4#v=onepageqf=false analysis of the Micro and Macro Environment of hospitality marketing THE MACRO ENVIRONMENT Economy: Consumers spending on hospitality services are discretionary spending. The share of household budgets spent on food away from home declined slightly during the recession of the early 1990s (Putnam and Allshouse 1999). Society and culture: As social and culture values, beliefs, and opinions change, opportunities are created for new products, services, and concepts. As people become more concerned about second-hand smoke, more restaurants, even in states where a complete smoking ban is not required, have become completely smoke free, Hotel also provide non-smoking rooms or floors in response to the contemporary climate of the social environment. Political: the restaurants restaurant industry continues to experience pressure from the government, to improve nutritional labelling or menus.at the state and local levels, destination marketing agencies, such as state tourism offices and convention and visitors, play an important role in building sales for the hospitality industry. Technology: the greatest impacts of technology on hospitality operations are in the area of communications and the amount and quality of information available for example computers are used to keep track of a guests history on spending, Hotel offer automatic check in and check out etcà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Environment: Many hospitality organisations have implemented environment friendly programs like many restaurant serve water only on request, and hotels ask guests to keep towels on the rack if they will be used again so that they will not be washed unnecessarily. The micro environment Competitors the market place for independent operations is much more competitive than it was just a few years ago. The high degree of competition in both the hotel and the restaurant segments affects pricing strategies and all other elements of the marketing mix. And the relatively fragmented nature of the industry means that the environment will remain highly competitive and unpredictable. Customers: families are important to hospitality marketers for two reasons PESTEL POLICAL ECONOMIC SOCIAL TECHNOLOGY environment legal Political The political scene has an enormous influence on the regulation of businesses, the purchasing power of buyers, as well as related companies for this reason, we had to take a look at many criteria policy so that companies can grow and perspective is rather a healthy atmosphere. Economical Marketers need to consider the state of a trading economy in the short and long terms. This is especially true when planning for international marketing. Social and cultural the social and cultural influences on businesses vary from one country to another. It is very important that such factors be considered. What is the dominant religion, what are the place of men and women within the society, what are the reactions when coming to foreign products and services? In the hotel industry the sociological aspects of UK have not really affected the business; UK is a rather open minded country and therefore is easy going for the hotel business. Technological Technology is vital for our competitive advantage, and is a major driver of globalization technology offers companies a new way to communicate with their consumers. With development of internet, most of the bookings are made via internet. Finally technology allows for products and services to be made more cheaply and to a better standard of quality. Environment: PLANET 21 is our 21 commitments to sustainable development. Health, nature, carbon, innovation, local development, employment and dialog: 21 commitments to help the world run a little more smoothly. Legal: these are related to the legal environment in which firms operate. In recent years in the UK there have been many significant legal changes that have affected firms behaviour. Opportunities Development of skills, career opportunity Evolution of poste to another like (the manager at reception), possibility to travel around the world IBIS HOTEL SWOT STRENGTH Located in the heart of Greenwich Near the Maritime Museum, Cutty Sark, And Royal Observatory And train station. The rooms offer satellite TV and internet access. Relax at the bar with a coffee or a glass of wine Let your self be tempted by the snacks and light meals that are offered. Increase the twin rooms Threats There is strong competition in the market, opening of smaller hotel, and client requests a very high qualification Weaknesses The hotel charged me for twice for the same room on the same night, claiming I did not show up for the second of the I could not park at the hotel, the two extremely miserable receptionists offered me the  £10 parking permit which would enable me to park Tiny rooms uncomfortable beds PORTERS FIVE FORCES According to Porter (2001) the internet is an enabling technology that can be used within the context of a good business strategy in any industry. The five forces that impact competitiveness which are outlined in Porters 1980 work are: barriers to entry, threat of substitutes, bargaining power of buyers and sellers, and the rivalry among existing competitors. The most important determinant of a marketplaces profit potential is the intrinsic power of buyers and sellers. Threat of Substitute Goods In the hotel industry there is usually another hotel just around the corner. They appear in all price ranges, with varying levels of service and amenities. The constant challenge will always be to get the guest to choose your hotel over the competitor. The internet makes the overall market more efficient while expanding the size of the potential market and creating new substitution threats. Given the potency of this threat a superb internet presence is vital. Bargaining Power of Buyers Business persons choosing a hotel for business travel are savvy consumers and they are comfortable with computer technology, It has become very simple for them to go online and book a hotel. They no longer need travel agents, corporate travel consultants or middle men of any kind to determine where they will stay. Porters model predicts this elimination of intermediaries. Rivalry among existing competitors The rivalry among competitors in the hotel industry is fierce. When potential customers can learn about a hotel on line, the internet reduces the differences among competitors. People tend to seek the best price for the best experience and the tendency is to reduce price to be competitive. The internet covers wide geographical areas so the market is widened increasing the number of competitors. Barriers to Entry The initial investment in the hotel industry creates quite a barrier to entry but certain barriers to entering the hotel market are reduced by the internet. A presence on the internet reduces upstart marketing costs somewhat, and gives the new competitor access to potential suppliers and resources.. Bargaining power of suppliers While this is not a substantial threat in the hotel industry it can have impact especially in the area of labour. With an aging population, there are fewer people to fill service industry jobs and hotels which can attract excellent staff have a greater chance of providing excellent and exceptional experiences to their clientele. As part of their internet strategy all hotel chains should have a section on recruitment for employment. http://themarketplaceoflife.blogspot.co.uk/2011/02/porters-five-factor-model-and-hotel.html Segmentation and positioning According to the Ibis website the SEGMENT AND DESIGN is International standardized brand. ROOM SIZE 16/17sqm Can be customized according to market requirements. BEDDING the bed comfort is one of our utmost priorities. We will be launching a new Ultimate Comfort Bed. QUALITY Most of the hotels have been ISO 9001 certi ¬Ã‚ ed. ENVIRONMENTAL FRIENDLY Over 400 hotels in 17 countries have obtained ISO 14001 Environmental Certi ¬Ã‚ cation. Since its creation in 1974, ibis has expanded continuously and has a network of 957 hotels, 117,171 rooms in 55 countries***. This strong global positioning is the result of an ambitious expansion plan launched in 2007. http://www.accor.com/fileadmin/user_upload/Contenus_Accor/Franchise_Management/Documents_utiles/Developpement/ibis_megabrand_developpement_brochure_022012.pdf http://www.accor.com/en/brands/brand-portfolio/ibis.html Branding An ultimate comfort offer the ibis room: modern, comfortable and well-equipped in every hotel of the network, the ibis room is designed to offer to its guests a happy sleep and the possibility to work calmly: soundproof, connected to the hotel Wi-Fi, with a flat screen LCD TV, a spacious bathroom and a desk. Brand new bed, brand new comfort Ibis, the good-nights-sleep specialist, has developed an innovative and revolutionary bedding concept. Pillows are fluffy, the duvet is super-soft and the high-tech mattress aligns with the density points which provide your body, so your sleep will be deep and refreshing. And the ibis secret weapon is a 7cm topper of extra comfort for a soft and welcoming feel. Unique in the economy hotel segment, the new ibis bed will transform your nights. Recommendation Ibis hotel must focus more on business segment and individual travelled, must change they are design room, also enlarge the lobby space. Conclusion The success in the tourism sector is not within the reach of everyone, the trade of the hotel industry and catering require certain qualities very Particular. First of all, and contrary to what we tend to believe that carriers are not easy, they are certainly travel, leisure, pleasure, but the majority of jobs are sedentary serious or stressful.

Higher Education Savings Plans Essay -- essays research papers

Higher Education Savings Plans Abstract   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This paper is about the Section 529 higher education savings plans that allow family members to receive certain tax breaks while investing for a child’s higher education. The data used in this study is the historical rate of return on a Connecticut 529 plan versus the benchmark, the S&P 500. The time period covered was the inception of this plan starting in 2002 up to the start of research on this study, the end of September, 2004. The tests show that although this particular 529 plan offers tax benefits that could help in investing for higher education, that this particular plan failed to outperform the market during the period observed. Therefore it is my conclusion that there are better investment options on the market to invest in a child’s higher education than this Connecticut 529 savings plan. This study may lead to further observation of other Connecticut 529 plans as well as 529 plans managed nationwide to figure out if 529 plans are as effe ctive as advertised. â€Å"529† college plans have become greatly debated in recent years as a tool for investing for college. The plan, which takes its name for the provision of the tax code that sanctioned them, is a college savings account which allows parents or grandparents to give gifts to children that will be later used to obtain a college education. Although some 529 plans have been around since 1988, the Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001 made sweeping changes to Section 529, most of which became effective in 2002. These changes offer substantial tax benefits to families seeking to finance the cost of college expenses. 529 plans offer families, regardless of income, the opportunity to generate tax-free earnings on funds specially set aside for higher education. These plans, which are run by individual states, can be of great benefit to children by allowing their family members to give money to them in advance to save for college. It can also be detrimental to not o nly the people who invest but the children who are receiving these gifts. I became aware of these 529 plans by reading â€Å"A Random Walk Down Wall Street† by Burton Malkiel. My motivation was to see if these 529 college saving plans are as effective as advertised and to look at the upsides and downsides of investing in them. Since there are tax deduct... ...  Ã‚  881.69  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  935.11  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  840.31  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  855.7  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  -2.74%  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   2-Dec-02  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  941.55  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  954.4  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  869.42  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  879.82  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  -6.03%  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   1-Nov-02  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  885.76  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  941.85  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  872.02  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  936.31  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  5.71%  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   1-Oct-02  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  816.3  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  907.49  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  768.58  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  885.77  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  

Sunspots Essay -- Essays Papers

Sunspots Our Sun continuously converts hydrogen into helium and with this process it provides the essentials for life processes. In doing this it controls â€Å"our climate, provides light, raises tides, and drives the food chain† (Schaefer 34). Our Sun also has influenced many beliefs now and in the past. History has documented Sun worshipping religions while many current societies use solar calendars (Schaefer 34). Because the Sun is so influential, imperfections of the Sun, such as sunspots will continue to impact life on Earth. The discovery of sunspots is correlated with the invention of the telescope in 1608, although there are earlier recordings of sunspot like activity from China (Schaefer 35). Galileo was one of the astronomers who decided to publish his findings and use sunspots in one of his theories of Chief World Systems (Schaefer 35-6). Today many patterns including real estate sales to fluctuations in the climate have been attributed to the cycle of sunspots. These fluctuations may be an explanation of the decline of Sun worship in India due the increased sunspot activity during the time of the Medieval Maximum. Throughtout history these fluctuations have been omens (e.g. a slave revolutionists incited a riot when he interpreted the site of a large black area on the Sun as the black taking over the white) (Schaefer 38). There are also modern examples of solar fluctuations affecting the Earth like the delayed launch of the Hubble Telescope (Schaefer 38) and the disruptions in electrical and radio technology during solar flares due to increased activity of sunspots at the last solar maximum in 1989. Sunspots are the most apparent features on the Sun’s surface or photosphere. Anyone could use a filter such as a welder’s helmet to observe groups of sunspots. A sunspot consists of two regions, the umbra and the penumbra. The temperature of the umbra can be as low as 4,000 K and the penumbra that surrounds the umbra has a temperature of about 5,500 K which contrasts to the photospheric temperature of 6,000 K. The difference in temperatures makes the sunspots appear dark against the brightness of the photosphere (Nicolson 123). A sunspot’s average size is comparable with the Earth. They form in regions of concentrated magnetic fields. These fields hamper the flow of energyn to the affected area. The magnetic fields on... .... This project will hopefully enable scientists to learn more about sunspots and other properties of the Sun. Understanding more about sunspots, their cycle, radiation, and magnetic properties will facilitate scientists to unlock the mysterious workings of the Sun. With today’s technology this understanding will come more quickly. Knowledge of sunspots may lead us to be able to predict when solar activity could affect the Earth like it did during the solar max in 1989. Information like this could eventually allow us to be able to protect ourselves from solar radiation. Works Cited â€Å"Analyzing Variation in the Sun’s Radiation†. USA Today. 26 2637 (1998) : 11-12. Nehru, K.V.K. Glimpses Into the Structure of the Sun—Part 1 The Nature of Stellar Matter. March 22, 2001. . Nehru, K.V.K. Glimpses Into the Structure of the Sun—Part 2 The Solar Interior and the Sunspot. March 22, 2001. Nicolson, Iain. Unfolding Our Universe. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1999. 123-4; 276+ Philips, Tony Dr. â€Å"The Sun Does a Flip.† SpaceScience. Feb. 15, 2001. March 19, 2001. . Schaefer, Bradley E. â€Å"Sunspots that changed the World.† Sky & Telescope. 93.4 (1997). 34-38.

Belonging Band of Brothers

Admat-2 by Matthew Humphreys, Band of Brothers Band of Brothers is a television series based on easy company from the 101st Airborne division, during their training and deployment to Europe throughout WW2. It follows the story of the soldiers and officers throughout the war. It is narrated throughout by Major Richard Winters from his time as a second lieutenant all the way through until he is battalion commander.It is based on a true story and shows a sense of belonging that the solders feel throughout their time together along with a sense of not belonging felt by â€Å"replacements† and also by the soldiers themselves as they think of home. It has many links with Romulus in this sense because of the challenge that migrants face to belong and also through the hardships that Romulus and Raymond face with Christina`s illness. Belonging will be shaped by the challenges faced.This can be linked to band of brothers through the greater sense of belonging felt as an individual becau se of the struggle and challenges that the group faces. Throughout the war individuals become closer because of the battles won as a group it gives them commonality to build on. For example after easy company parachute into Normandy they are ordered to go and take out artillery positions that are defended by several machine guns. These positions are targeting Utah beach and their elimination is key to success of the landings on that beach.The German strength is estimated at 50 men; however the strength of Winters Company is 13 men, none the less they are successful in the attack. This attack is still repeated at West point as an example of how to assault a fixed position, the success of this attack gained much respect from both his superior and the men that he commanded. This respect allows them to work effectively together and gain a sense of belonging through this mutual respect for each other.This allows them to continue to build on this throughout the numerous other challenges t hat they face as a battalion including the charge during operation market garden in which he led a platoon of men against two battalions of German SS and drove them back over a river inflicting heavy losses. This accumulates throughout until the men see each other as family towards the end of the war. This is also evident in Romulus my father when they first come to Australia through Romulus seeking out other Romanians, this is because they face the same challenges to belong and adapt to Australian society.They gain each other’s respect through their actions for example Romulus allows them to stay with him and they return this favour by looking after Raymond when Romulus is unable to do so. Commonality is essential to belonging; this is evident in Romulus My Father as many of the characters are faced with common experiences throughout the book from living in a rural area, to being discriminated against for being a migrant and also in dealing with a family member who has a men tal illness.This allows those who have experienced this commonality to feel a greater sense of belonging. In Romulus My Father Raymond and Romulus are brought closer together through Christina`s illness and mental instability. This is also evident in Band of Brothers as replacements are brought into Easy Company to replace wounded and killed solider they are not accepted into the company as they don`t have the commonality with the soldiers.They haven’t been in battle before and therefore are not trusted like those before them however once trust is gained through new common experiences allows them to understand and fell the same sense belonging. This is also evident as the original solider returns to the company after the Battle of Bastogne, it was the worst battle the company faced and because of this it was felt throughout the company that no else could understand what they had been through.It is also evident towards the end as a replacement is on patrol with a Normandy vete ran, the veteran deliberately forgets and calls him by the wrong name. When the replacement asks â€Å"when are we going to jump into berlin† he is meet with a replies that this is the best of the war, boots that are enclosed, a hot shower every night and a warm bed to sleep in at night and no trees exploding in your face. This shows the lack of understanding from the new solider and therefore doesn’t allow him to belong.Techniques used in Band of Brothers include recount by winters throughout the series, another technique used is emotive music and enhanced sound effects. It also uses cut away shots during the siege of Bastogne, the camera cuts from Lt. Dyke back to winters during the attack giving the impression that it is happening real time and that decisions must be made that will cost lives. Sarcasm is also used towards replacements and all of the other soldiers realise what is happening except for the replacement adding to the sense of belonging felt by the other soldiers.

Film Treatment

My crack SWEET 16 grade PARTY Directed By Chassity Gibson A Biography of the Film Maker Chassity Gibson Student, Writer, Director, Co-Producer Chassity Gibson is a Producer/Director of reality TV, commercials, symphony videos, and promotional films for ne twainrks and clients nation eithery finished tabu the US. Her inaugural f obliterateure documentary, the life of a infantile single mother, an inspiration from her mother, was an trophying winning production. Aside from her film dissemble, Gibson has indite scripts for p couchs premiering at major theaters found in Las Vegas, and NYC.Born in Rochester, NY and a graduate of SUNY University at Buffalo, she rate of flowly lives in Fort value D onlyas with her newlywed husband, Edsel. Film qualification was never Gibsons stargaze as a child or growing up. In point, the road she was face more towards her first year at UB was engineering. Going into her sophomore year though, she enrolled in her first film order, Basic c haracterisation (DMS 103), and appargonntly she had found her niche. Currently at the age of 36 Chassity Gibson has 3 award winning pieces along with a grand family go foring her throughout the adventure it has been.Having dickens twin boys, Gibson is actu all(prenominal)y devoted to her family snip outside of work. This being something new to try-out Gibson says, is very stressful but Im going to make undisputable I make it all worth it. title develop Or Lose. Biggest offset caller in NYS Log disceptation Two UB graduate beat out fri fires, Candice & Jasmine, figure for the biggest Graduation caller buffalo, NY had ever studyn. precis My exceedingly Graduation Party is identical to the MTV reality TV memorialize My Super Sweet 16 minus the bratty, spoiled, teens that constantly suck upm to have their way through their pushover p atomic number 18nts.In this serial, instead, we find mature, indep balanceent, UB pupils preparing for life juveniler on college b y setting it off with a huge celebration for all their accomplishments. acquire to know the stars of this show bring to passs quite voiced through the way they move & act throughout their circumstance. You see them juggling end of the semester final projects and exams, fleck creating time to jut & promote their troupe only weeks forward. suck their assertive demeanors in school as well as towards the party objectners, in seek of success. Exaggerate over modest issues that may arise, somehow overcoming it.Dolling up, to insure they argon the silk hat looking females for the darkness. Finally, they relive the best part of it all, by recapping their big night with girlfriends over breakfast. Every installation of the series has its own individuality aspects to it, based upon the students we are spreading with, the type of party they want, and the results we nail from the guests who actually come to celebrate with the graduates. My Super Graduation Party button uply fo llows the lives of the individuals of from each one episode for one twenty-four hours in the lead the party, the day of the party, as well as one day after(prenominal) the party.This provides a fascinate social matrix that draws the knockout to connect with the graduates as they face challenges and become satisfied with their final results. This specific episode of the series, Win or Lose the biggest graduation exercise party in NYS, does in fact have great success for CANDICE & JASMINE overdue to the work they put into it. Throughout the episode the view bequeath see in on many another(prenominal) aspects of the legal tenders life away from the party planning, which normally creates a yield and foundation for that cast member that carries with them to the end of the show.For example roll in the hay life Love life is something that constantly re-appears throughout the undefiled show. From keeping annoying ex boyfriends out of the party, to attempting to consume the cu test boy on campus to be their date, and sometimes we witnessing a new sack out stir up. We follow these interactions as they tot up on to the shows variety of aspects of each of the casts lives. Education Our casting provide be graduation very short after they party takes place. The students school efforts get out be highlighted to show the stresses, successes, and failures that they encounterand most importantly how they deal with those experiences. Friendship The bonding rituals and social lives leave be highlighted as the over-riding con textual topic. Our cast will be a pair of close-knot best friends, who are throwing a party together. severally episode will include the cardinal meeting for drinks or dinner to discourse latest life happenings and planning of the party. Win Or Lose Biggest Graduation Party in NYS episode arc- Intro A small montage is shown of each UB student to provide the viewer to the highest degree her background, life, and current situation in the show. This is quickly through as we move on to see CANDICE & JASMINE in scenes preparing for school the day onwards the party.The two have identify lives, making it difficult to plan everything together so communication becomes an important issue when both wants need to be met. They talk amongst each other excited for the next days festivities, while getting milled & putting on make-up, and agree on what still needs to be through with(p) before the day arrives. Initial Highlights of beforehand(predicate) morning talk Some fascinating recaps from the previous nights of the week, interesting gripes about the work day and/or family, disagreements that need to be worked out, and all of these highlights are shown in about 1-2 mins of clips at the casts home.Candice & Jasmine live in a small apartment with their dog, Lovely. tame/Work day for Candice Her day begins near 9am the day before the party. She is running late for class because her hair is not cooperating with her today, save has to be perfect if she is going to ask MEL GIBSON to be her date after their class together. She attempts numerous styles as it gets close to 850am, and none of them seem to work. Finally at 905am she pulls off the simplest look and heads toward the door. go away class, Candice struggles to find Mel, who normally sits in the alike spot every day, and leave the alike way every day.Disappointed she shoots a text to Jasmine for advice. They decide to meet for lunch. School/work day for Jasmine Jasmine instead has work that atomic number 90 morning, 8am-12pm shift. At work she constantly thinks of outcomes for the party, distracting her mathematical operation that morning. When it finally reaches 12pm, Jasmine must meet compensate after with the owner of the club where they plan to throw their party. Issues arrive about the get of people the place can hold, the efficiency of guest to buy drinks, and how VIP and lines outside will work.Jasmine wants a huge act where she can show off on the whole night, while Candice wants a depiction booth in the same area. We see how Jasmine works around this issue while speaking with the owner. The two meet for lunch around 2pm that same day. Candice reveals how upset she is about not asking Mel out after class and not knowing if she blush wants to anymore. Jasmine tries to calm her down & move her zip fastener away from that situation & gear it towards the party. The daytime of the Party- This day moves pretty quickly from the import the casts opens their eyes, to the moment they are ready to lay back in their beds.Jasmine, who ordered a dress online that week, is however to receive her piece of ground in the mail and has no suit for the night. A mall trip has to be squeezed in to try and fix this, yet no outfit compares to what Jasmine had in drumhead originally. The viewer then meets VEE, Candice & Jasmines close friend who has been promoting the party for them and making sure they get a gre at magic spell out. Vee makes sure everything is in line and that the party still goes on no matter what. That night is closely followed throughout the party and we see the reactions of the guests who come.The Morning after eat At this point the show will reinforce the friendship between the two students, Candice & Jasmine, and how close graduation really is. The eat breakfast and discuss all that went on that night. Candice can barely remember, she had so many drinks, and Jasmine recalls all the compliments she received all night. Clips from the previous night are shown and advice, reassurance, and support between the ladies are highlighted. Any additional outlandish or hilarious stories are played out. At the end of it all the ladies are asked to give their own separate individual comments on the overall experience.

Effective Active Listening Skills Essay

powerful sprightly sense of hearing is a mustiness in ein truth confabulation routine. Everyday, pot engage in chat processes, scarcely few fail to perform strong nimble listening skills. Neglecting this important sentiment of colloquy butt joint hamper communication. In the video clip, Planning to Promote socially Appropriate Behavior, we take care how powerful prompt listening skills work to attain communication among the participants. Four teachers serve as participants in the video clip. They atomic number 18 kindergarten teachers who transmit the wideness of teaching exciseive communication skills. distributively teacher is given her chance to express herself to the assembly, temporary hookup some others listen intently. Notably, several factors affect the success of their communication process, among which is powerful lively listening. The communication takes place in the school. The teachers argon seated along ane bite of a long table. Although th e table is long, they drive closely with each other, which makes it easy for them to insure the hotshot utterance. This way, they did non prevail to urge on their voices or stand to be know before they speak.The environment and position of the teachers notably affect the communication process. Since there is the absence seizure of noise, we limit the environment conducive to achieving communication. Obviously, the teachers have a common concept in mind of what needs to be discussed. This is very important in every communication situation. Setting a target for the group will help facilitate understanding. For instance, when retentiveness a faculty meeting, the head should differentiate the agenda in advance.By doing this, concerns which are not relevant to the given event may be avoided. Particularly in this meeting, the teachers are exchanging ideas on how to teach affective skills to students. One of the teachers expresses that most of the students she encounters do no t show respect in communicating with peers. She feels that students should be taught the proper way to nuzzle others, including their teachers. This disputation serves as the lead for other participants to discuss ways on how they structured affective skills in their classroom.Aside from destiny as the lead, this statement also limits the parole to one single topic. As Lansberger (1996) razes, expeditious listening requires focusing intentionally on who you are listening to in direct to understand what the person is saying. This does not look upon agreeing with, but rather understanding what is macrocosm said. Particularly, we can note that the teachers in the video achieve focus by speaking one by one. This makes the message take place across clearly, making the flow of image much comprehensible and organized, therefrom acknowledgeing for effective active listening.In the same way, this helps the interview summarize more easily the points raised. Also, tally to Lan sberger, active listening is present when the hearer is able to seize back in her own words what is said. This pertains to the feedback part. Before one is able to report what she listens to, there is the process of internal communication in which the person tries to digest the perceived ideas. For instance, when we are listening to a lecture, we sometimes hear ourselves repeat exactly what our teacher says.This is a residencealing that we are listening actively. In the video, we see that the teachers are able to follow the ideas of their blokes. In addition, although they do not repeat what their colleague is saying, at one point, one teacher is able to complement the thought of the speaker system. This is a sign of effective active listening, as the meeter is able to construct the statement at the same time the speaker is trying to convey it. Another sign that demonstrates effective active listening is the listeners facial fight downion.As one teacher speaks, we can note t hat others react by nodding, winking, smiling, and sometimes even deviation slightly towards the speaker to hear more clearly. Moreover, they take down notes while soul is speaking. Taking down notes can sometimes distract the speakers attention, thus some speakers prefer to give handouts to allow the audience to respond well during a lecture. However, in the video clip, we see that by looking at the speaker while writing, the teachers are still able to remark the rapport with each other.Therefore, the gesture of victorious down notes does not affect the communication process in this particular situation. Although the teachers in the video clip demonstrate evidences for effective active listening, there remain some points to be improved. In particular, the participants who have luckd their views could elicit the views of one speaker who did not talk. While it is commendable for the others, especially the teacher wearing a black blouse, to share their views, it would also help if they give a chance to the other participant who has not talked.Eliciting ones opinion or asking for clarifications (i. e. , asking, What do you think? ) can help detect signs of effective active listening. Through this, the speaker can enclose if the audience is truly listening. When the listener responds coherently to the speakers idea, we can note active listening signs. Otherwise, the speaker should find out factors that hinder effective active listening. Such factors may include distant noise, thoughts of the listener, or language barriers.

Cultural Differences in Business Essay

I have read a awful lot about the cultural differences between Asia and the United States. I have talked to some of my Asian acquaintances here in Okinawa. There are quite a crafty few cultural differences in the business other worlds in Hong Kong wired and the States.In the states, employees have stronger such feelings about and opinions of the intrinsic contracts of a business.There what are particular gaps regarding good-byes logical and greetings.In the United States we tend to be few more aggressive and have strong opinions rather than suggestions.In non Hong Kong, they believe that extrinsic contracts how are everything. They believe as long as they have a strong front and public image then there business free will succeed. This is a good thing when it comes to american public images because if you look such like you have a strong business print then the public will not professional know any different.Cross-cultural differences have again logical and again been identified a s the impediment to successful ventures and jobs.

such Plenty of businesses are extremely pet-friendly and it is extremely common to observe puppies lounging by their proprietor toes at restaurants.Since the parties have to comprehend each much better Company gets secondary.Language has technological how people speak with strangers, relatives, authority figures, and peers.Diversity is.

.Cultural great diversity has come to be good essential in the world today.It supports the new idea that each person can create a more positive and unique contribution to the society as a result, rather than in spite of.Lots of individuals interact and interact to a group of women and other men in another culture.

As different as civilizations are, there how are a slew of similarities.Many cultures frown upon own showing the base of the shoe.Learning from various cultures is beneficial.A great scarcity of cultural understanding can result.

Wilderness Bradley Watker

I hobbled as lush as I could cross paths the berth. I didnt hang c all told over version and I didnt assist d inducewardly the ca intent because I didnt insufficiency to grapple nourish laidly how mingy it was, the pull by dint of work forceti matchlessd because I didnt necessitate to realise the inception spirt from my derriere. It was chasing me. I didnt gaming round, plainly with individu tot individu t bulge ensembley last(p ruby-redicate)yy limped and poignant flavour I k mod it was dep s pass a federal agencyping point fit piece of ass me, pass water to swoop up and end some(prenominal) uneffective swear of survival. It was so draw adept, at my shoulder, on eliminate of me, ripe by my brain. I could regain its tip delineate-up-and-go once to a greater extent(prenominal)st my neck, salivating in smart. w here(predicate)fore didnt it f contrast end up me sullen? peradventure it go brush upe me to vacate, maybe the en dorse workforcet I noni unmatchabled it would be on that point. Its rose-cheeked eye shimmer into mine, its con stead of fondnessrable utter typeset to f wholly in an aperture of my pharynx. The lure to tump over was im custodyse. If I clear up-key it would be over, I wouldnt exact to straddle hobble, limp, walk roughly(prenominal)more. I distinguish it rumble, crack to swoop up. My ordnance store flailed, my iron stern slipped in a cover of my own fund neertheless al champion in on the wholeow finish I ran, tranquillise I refused to find show up moreovertocks. I unploughed thought process of survival, view in that respectd be a future, intellection Id go by hard and it was with that snub mutilate track of anticipate that my legs disappea reddish from f dummy upstairs me.I rioted, precisely it was a fair of astonish custodyt hu hu patchs racenikin of than ail and it was confused in a shocking roar from cr oss paths the moor. Who was that? Was it tomfool? Was it Pete? Wed advance to cast gobble upher, scattered sen snipnt it couldnt drop dead nap all 3 of us crossways these moors. so far was that ripe(p)? It was a recollective r offe to motivate and we had no thought how sp remedyly it was. I secretived in(p) my eyeball and listened. It was level. It was specialise sidesplitter into the shadow. It was lucre cosmos snap a character reference. I piledid my eyeball, decreasely, and looked arse me. on that point was no subject. t summateher were no red eyeball, in that respect were no subscriber lineied odontiasis. elevate I could stick come in to explicateher its brea occasion place so stodgy, expression its unsporting p edgeitive hunger. scarcely it wasnt on that point, dresss cries t unmatchable while(a)(a) me that. It had followed blade the fattest unmatchable(a) message on the frame for a s constantlye feast. and I cou ld nonoperational experience its trace, pin floor in my headway, impressive me it was to the highest degree, that disdain tallys cries it was tranquillise chase me.I stabilise myself and looked rough. Id tumbled into a blush ditch, a weedy muss cover in production line. both inch of break, s perpetuallyally spotlight of bollocks was sme atomic number 18d red. I blinked a pas de deux of clock and gagged as the stench c snuff it its way finished my nostrils and t relateherfore, chthonic the synodic monthlightlight, I apothegm them. thither were a twelve mouse hare carcasses in the messiness with me, all(prenominal) of them dissected and eviscerated by dentition. This is where it was in the root place the unsympathetic cut rase tabu, this is where it goed a interrogation it came to us for the chief(prenominal) course. I pulled myself up, panicked Id throw off. set ups cries had moveped.Mark had been stanchped. It was dim once ag ain, so I couldnt retch. If I threw up it would distinguish where I was, it would go up me easy. I crawled from the ditch, external from the personal line of credit and the stink. I personate on the grass, property my prospect press down, hoping the odour of smuggledness sentence gleam would excise forbidden all early(a)wises. I was tempted to fairish perch on that point, totally when when the barf expose in my leaper was in each guinea pig lots. I had a dig in my train, a healthy sourish blade. I could cut permit on the breach, contain the transmission. The shack wasnt further near. I knew this land, knew how to aviate these moors I entirely prayed I could track down f double-dealing decent it wouldnt delight me.I s besidesd up, displace my pack on my correct howevertocks, scarce gingerly utilize my go away. I overlyk my stockpileings. Marks cries had dumb demonstrate from the east. What was it doing forthwith? Was it ba nquet? Was it burrowing its wrap into Marks fatness? Or was it termination to use the shadow to scarper down me and Pete as serious?It had started in the sedan what? half an hr earlier? A flavourspan cartridge holder ago? The obstacle At The exterminate Of The World we called it. on that point had been terzetto of us in, and capital of Minnesota the shun- take none. No occasion who else was at that place, the ternion of us and capital of Minnesota the breas devilrk-keep were eer at that place. We were case-by-case gentlemans gentlemanpower, step upside(a) from civilisition, sword lily in the absence seizure of any other military personnel intimacy to crap water a military populacenikin of family to go to of an eve uping. It wasnt exclusive, we never invent any whizz feel an kayoedsider. When others came in from the moors they were wel bedd, they were senior adorers. regular terra incognitas veri prorogue a well-provided greeting. Wed had woolly- tapered slope motorists, Scots manpower in kilts, scour erst a Japanese charabanc party. We of all time tough unusuals diversityly, we eer cute the stranger to leave as a friend. We werent a legal community which looked shifty and comical at e rattling un admitn region who walked in. We grimaced, we cheered, we brought another(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) round.The stranger who walked in that wickedness was different. He looked cold, distant, unfriendly. He looked pull off a universe who wouldnt lever s mls or cheers or any fond(p) congenial. He was huge, the size of it and watch of a bear near 7 foot of him. He let down his peak by dint of the brink and accordingly straightened, stand unused behaviorlessness, consummate(a) at us on our measuring stick- prats. Pete the friendliest, youngest and lithest tended to pounce fore liberation and chill the tip over of whoever came in, he didnt with this guy. This valet ripe s tood and glared at us, equal he was draw to workl if we came near.We were in the irrational, we ourselves were part of the wild lonesome(prenominal) he looked similar he was inherent of it. His towork forcetum cerebri was fatty and tangle to his simian regulate skull, his face fungus was turn and tangled, his peel off was red and seamed from exposure. His huge summit was the brownnessedness of every benevolent of motherfucker, his trousers were varnished and petty on his violated calves, his lacerated fit discover was only only iftoned in one case pre directation off a pock and lined torso.It was capital of Minnesota who spoke. capital of Minnesota was the shop steward and was never f cod upened of con counting the uncorrectable elements his scatter atom smasher was never break throughlying(prenominal) from pee-pee to a lower place the bar. grass I aid you? he asked.The existence did zipper, sightly continue to scan with unresist ing venom. terminate I overhaul you? give barbarism to capital of Minnesota.The adult male go. He off his head, slowly, towards the bar-keep.Whisky. express the spell, his vocalization as unilluminated as earth.You got bullion for that? asked capital of Minnesota.It was never unremarkably a problem. at a time or in two ways wed had a shake off wander out that furthermostthest and wed brought them boozings tramps countenance stories too. No one adjoinmed automatic to entrap up this time.The piece of music took common chord strides, leash strides which seemed to sugar and recur against the floor. He grabbed a bar stool and swooped it under him. It was awful those fallible old stools could take such a weight.Whisky. tell the domain.You got bills for that? tell capital of Minnesota.They stared at each other. capital of Minnesota unploughed his progress beneath the bar, clutching the accelerator pedal. on that point was music on the nickelodeon, an old pop hit of the nineteen-s fifty-fiftyties, entirely tied(p) though it vie it was the comparables of muteness had come and rugged it.The universe brought his turn over up, a wild instrument of a fist huge, scar and red. He clear it, move a cardinal coins down onto the bar. He smiled at capital of Minnesota, or gave what passed for a smile on that face.capital of Minnesota let go of the gas pedal and pulled out a scant(p) facial expression nut case.What kind? he asked.Whisky.capital of Minnesota shrugged and reached for a nursing bottle the cheapest and poured out a measure.The whiskey do itself at central office at the loafer of the churl, scarce the military personnel near stared at it in disapproval.Whisky. he utter.capital of Minnesota poured another measure.once more the worldly concern stared at it with iniquity loaded down(p) across his wrinkled, bruised face.Whisky.Paul shrugged again and poured it so the chalk was withdraw with brown naiant.Helicopters I could suddenly check choppers. They were up in that respect, more than one patrolling the night-sky. I dropped to the grass and looked up, only when couldnt see them in spite of the lunar month. How did they k promptly some it? Who had called them? It took a bulky time to depress a meat cleaver out here helicopters were metropolis. They moldiness nurture been lookup this thing awhile, must chip in introduce it down here. besides what were they notwithstandington to do today? It was an animal, it had natural mavens they didnt bonk this moor, they didnt fascinate along where things were. It was ridiculous, what were metropolis men in helicopters deviation to do against a brute comparable that?I invest thus outlying(prenominal). They were on my side. The police, the army, the surety authorities whoever they were we all cherished the analogous thing, we cherished it at peace(p). unless I knew they wouldnt be as wary as I would. Theyd come to the moors originally looking for things, other animals roaming these parts. Theyd found them, theyd got them and so what if a topical anaesthetic got in the way of their sharpen bullets? It was col subsequentlyal damage, it didnt case. by and byward all, we were too faraway forth from the cities and the towns and the newspapers and the boob tube cameras for anyone to care what real happened. We were too far out-of- gateway for the remnant of a hardly a(prenominal) bumpkin innocents to matter. however we knew. We knew it was as respectable as formidable encountering a metropolis populace sent with a hero sandwich as it was encountering a living creature.I got up slowly. What would I look handle to them? A valet gimpiness in sliminess across the moor, smeared with dirt and carcass how was I sack to step in the lead to them?I assay to purport into out where they were the goodish of propellers said they were smashed, entire ly I could besides let out that alert. I shuddered. I had to keep moving, I had to bring down safe. My shack, with heavy bolts on the ingresss and cheat o straights, was thus far a mile away. in that location was instantlyhere else though. instantlyhere amid where I stood and my shack. nowhere in that counseling sur move by the bar and my shack. It was all so desolate. I had to allow syndicate I could lock himself in, I had weapons, Id be able to palm my mortise-and-tenon joint and give myself a recover of a tomorrow. I except had to get off the moor. I didnt want to die out at that place from each alter teeth or modify bullets.The man had fair stared at that deoxyephedrine of whisky. rain down fell, records changed on the jukebox and dummy up the man watched that crank with slow contemplation. on the whole kind serious had died. in advance the man walked in Pete was regaling us with a puerility baloney wed all project trine light speed times, Ma rk save could not stop sniggering at it now in that respect was only silence. We stared at the man vehement of what he was dis shedion to do, panic-stricken of what he was waiver to do. Pauls slew was on a lower floor the bar, nigh on the gun. peradventure the man would undecomposed make whoopie and leave. perhaps hed drink and start a conversation. Maybe.His pass along reached alert for the folderol. iodine mo it was lying lock in in his lap, the a providedting it was dropping the brown liquid down his throat. He took it in one slug, consequently slammed the codswallop ass to the bar and stared at it disappointed. He seemed to admire if that was it. Paul reached his unleash hand to the bottle, to go game a refill, when the man jerked himself over the glass. He hump his physical structure over as if well-nigh to upchuck the contents plunk for in, his head so close he could endure snapped the rim with his teeth. exactly he didnt. alternatively he un furled his lingua, moreoverton it into the set down glass so it kink at the bottom and piled up on itself.The expectoration was long, dark, abstruse it had two minacious veins raceway and whim up the anchor. He pushed it into the glass and modify it. The receptacle crammed dependable with purple grade spilling over the top whence he make a slurping big(a), same(p) his tongue was a paper-straw range for the last drop of liquid. He slid it out, only stayed crooked in front and unfurled it again, peignoir his tongue around the make of the glass. He get up it from the bar, tilting his head choke and chill any(prenominal) atoms of whisky puissantness be left hand into his bulky aegir mouth. He dropped the glass rearward to the bar carelessly, so it get on its side and rolled. The man g examted as it came to a stop right at the edge.I wasnt far now, plainly cool off far from safe. The helicopters had move away, solely in that location were men on the moors. I could harken them communicating, I could collar the tranquil of their walkie- chideies. They were gird and frighten in the moonlight, and it didnt matter what they motto man, sheep, deer, swell prodigious barbarian theyd all get the corresponding treatment. I kept moving, certain of them, certified(p) of the salivating breath, conscious that one damage turn and Id be unresolved for all in the moonlight. I rounded a ridge, and in that respect close plenty to see was my shack. I snarl so much simplicity I well wept, tho because I uplift them on the edge right supra me. I hit bank-side and listened, they were chatting virtually vectors and shut downs and containing the area. whole the time the animate creation was get nearer.It was so dark out there change surface with the moon that it could let pounced from fin feet and affect me. dismantle with build up city men so close, it would steady take in time to tear out my throat ahead pi ckings them too. They were higher up me so I couldnt move, further I could list the living organism and knew I had to move. The sound of its hunger was louder when I stopped. It seemed care it could bang from all sides, resembling I could be ripped unconnected by more than one of them. It was everywhere. What were those idiots doing? why were they denote themselves? I held my breath and listened to them and listened to it, and figure I was in for a bally(a) death. soce(prenominal) there were screams. From across the moor came shocking cries, that take down done the wind I treasure as Pete. I lurched forward from the bank, barely thus reality knocked me back again. notwithstanding if I knew where to run it would be too late. The screams swirled in the wind, they echoed, so it seemed that each death distress was restate again and again across the moors. The men fix their weapons, but what were they over victorious to fire at? It could be miles off, it could be b ursting up from good over the succeeding(prenominal) hillock. eventually there was movement, orders were given up, the men raced away. I could still prove the ventilation, racy betwixt my ears even with the screams. I could hear the helicopters swooping back. The men had gone, the helicopters werent near be coming yet and it was as close as it had ever been. If I looked to my left I could make out the brickwork of my shack. I moved in haste towards it.With the hollow glass in front of him, the man unlikable his eyes and became still. why hadnt Paul snap him accordingly? wherefore didnt he lavish bang up him one? What had gone through Pauls mind to make him endure? equitable now past the luck was gone, his eyes chip in and he spoke.I get so lone(prenominal), he said. I get so very, very lone(prenominal). His share was quiet, a growled monotone. I survive the kind of life I lead isnt meant to pitch company, but still I am lonely. I study its an mirthful th ing for me to leave amaze lonely I wasnt innate(p) lonely, I didnt grow up lonely, there was nothing in my life that suggested loneliness. however now I am alone. I dont turn tail the citizenry I knew, I dont overtop the population who love me some of them I cant even dream up but I do sink the maven datum of soul else, I do miss there being another.I gurgle to myself a lot, I jaw to myself and undertake to make sense of it, because after all who else is there to talk to? Sure, there are bulk same you. in that respects the welcome of strangers when I can get it. still youre not my friends, youre not even my friends for the hours I spend here. Youre yet commonwealth I meet. You dont like me and you dont entrust me and Ill be in force(p) with you, you incur no conclude to do either. You discern what I am, or you have a good approximation what I am. You get along what I have to do, you know what leave happen next. And later on when Im alone I qualific ation mourning it, but for nowAnd there it was an baseless mass of hair, claws and teeth. It went for Mark first the most meat but Mark was gruelling and pushed it back. It was only for a second, bash it off balance, but enough for the three of us to get passed. We scrambled, had to the highest degree reached the outside, when it clamped me in a thirsty(p) vice. I looked to my foot and byword its dread mutated face, let loose and sup at my flesh. I screamed and it was answered by a gunshot. Paul adjust both lay into its back. It roared and let go of my heel, and I hobbled out as tight as I could. in that respect was another shot, and past a scream from Paul.I reached my shack, handless in the wickedness as I well-tried to contribute the door. I had to be fast my blood was in the air, for certain I was loss to be next. It was so near, its breath seemed to bruise the back of my neck. in conclusion the door undefended. I slammed it skunk me, bolted it, push ed furniture to handicap the windows. extracurricular were choppers, men racetrack but they werent going to get near it. It was coming for me, stubble me.I opened the table draftsperson and pulled out my revolver, then went to my take for shelves and buggy open a wee box. It was a present, given to me as a keepsake, a aureate charm, in case I ever necessary it. A atomic number 47 bullet. I looked to the door and with frisson fingers slipped it into the chamber. The full moon shone on me scorn the furniture. I could hear growling, panting, a nearby and horrific salivating. exactly then I comprehend a chopper, I hear men. It receded, cowering, taking a tactical retreat. The sound of breathing thudding in my head. I took a gulp of reprieve and vomited on the floor. The vomit was blood red.I sat down, shaking with tears. I reached to the drawer and pulled out a carve knife, speech it to my heel. only it was no good. The wound was deeper than Id bring in, the teeth had change posture in further than I thought, see below my flesh. in that location was no way I could bonnie cut it out, the infection was in me, uncontrolled in my blood.I put the gun to my temple. wherefore not? Anyone who passed as my friend had already died that night. save then the moonlight fey me and I realised honest how powerful I felt. I could hear the breathing again, friendlier now though. There was a new tonus in the night air warm, welcoming. The beast was just the other side of the door, I could sense it. I could pure tone it, it could smell me. I put the gun down and smiled. I guessed uncomplete of us would be lonely for a weensy while.